In chemistry, accurate measurements and calculations are crucial for understanding chemical reactions and processes. One frequent question is, “What is the molar mass of CHCl3?” With multiple choices presented — 48.47 g/mol, 83.92 g/mol, 119.37 g/mol, and 121.39 g/mol — it can be challenging to determine the correct answer without a clear calculation process. In this comprehensive guide, we will explore each option, explain the correct calculation step by step, and confirm why 119.37 g/mol is the accurate molar mass for CHCl3, also known as chloroform. Whether you are a chemistry student or simply looking to clear up confusion, this article will provide a detailed answer and valuable insights.
Concept of Molar Mass
Before diving into the calculation of CHCl3’s molar mass, it’s essential to understand what molar mass is and why it matters. Molar mass refers to the mass of one mole of a substance, typically expressed in grams per mole (g/mol). It is a fundamental property in chemistry that connects the mass of a substance to the amount of substance present (in moles).
The concept of molar mass is critical for:
- Stoichiometric calculations in chemical equations.
- Determining the quantities of reactants and products in a reaction.
- Preparing accurate chemical solutions in laboratory settings.
By knowing the molar mass of a compound, chemists can convert between the mass of a substance and the number of moles, facilitating precise measurements and calculations.
Down the Molecular Formula of CHCl3
CHCl3 is the chemical formula for chloroform, a well-known organic compound used in various applications. Let’s break down the molecular formula:
- C (Carbon): 1 atom
- H (Hydrogen): 1 atom
- Cl (Chlorine): 3 atoms
To determine the molar mass of CHCl3, we need to sum the atomic masses of these elements.
Atomic Masses of Elements in CHCl3:
- Carbon (C): 12.01 g/mol
- Hydrogen (H): 1.008 g/mol
- Chlorine (Cl): 35.45 g/mol
Now, let’s calculate the molar mass step by step.
Calculation of the Molar Mass of CHCl3
The molar mass of a compound is calculated by adding the atomic masses of all the atoms in the molecule. For CHCl3:
- Calculate the Mass of Carbon:
- Carbon has an atomic mass of 12.01 g/mol.
- Calculate the Mass of Hydrogen:
- Hydrogen has an atomic mass of 1.008 g/mol.
- Calculate the Mass of Chlorine:
- Chlorine has an atomic mass of 35.45 g/mol. Since there are 3 chlorine atoms, we multiply this value by 3: 35.45×3=106.35 g/mol35.45 \times 3 = 106.35 \, \text{g/mol}35.45×3=106.35g/mol
- Sum the Masses:
Molar mass of CHCl3=12.01+1.008+106.35=119.37 g/mol\text{Molar mass of CHCl3} = 12.01 + 1.008 + 106.35 = 119.37 \, \text{g/mol}Molar mass of CHCl3=12.01+1.008+106.35=119.37g/mol
The Correct Answer:
Thus, the correct answer to the question “What is the molar mass of CHCl3?” is 119.37 g/mol.
Why Is 119.37 g/mol the Correct Molar Mass of CHCl3?
The options provided — 48.47 g/mol, 83.92 g/mol, 119.37 g/mol, and 121.39 g/mol — may seem plausible without proper calculations. Here’s why 119.37 g/mol is the only accurate answer:
Analysis of Incorrect Options:
- 48.47 g/mol: This value is too low, likely resulting from an incomplete or incorrect calculation that might have ignored the mass of chlorine atoms.
- 83.92 g/mol: This might be derived from incorrect multiplication or using the wrong atomic masses for the elements involved.
- 121.39 g/mol: This value is close but slightly higher than the correct answer, potentially due to rounding errors or inaccurate atomic mass figures.
Importance of Accurate Molar Mass:
Using the correct molar mass of 119.37 g/mol is essential in stoichiometry, as it ensures that the ratios of reactants and products in chemical equations are accurate. Errors in molar mass can lead to incorrect experimental results, affecting the outcome of chemical reactions and analyses.
A Closer Look at Chloroform (CHCl3)
Chloroform, or CHCl3, is an organic compound that has been widely used in medical and laboratory settings. It is a colorless, sweet-smelling liquid known for its volatility.
Properties of Chloroform:
- Molecular Formula: CHCl3
- Molar Mass: 119.37 g/mol
- Boiling Point: 61.2 °C
- Density: 1.489 g/cm³
Common Uses of Chloroform:
- The solvent in Organic Chemistry: Chloroform is used to dissolve non-polar substances that do not dissolve well in water.
- Intermediate in Chemical Synthesis: It serves as a precursor for the production of refrigerants and other fluoropolymers.
- Laboratory Reagent: It is used in DNA extraction and various analytical procedures.
The molar mass of chloroform plays a key role in determining the quantities needed for these applications, highlighting its importance in both industrial and research contexts.
How to Calculate Molar Mass: Best Practices?
Calculating molar mass may seem straightforward, but it is essential to follow precise steps and avoid common pitfalls. Here’s a quick guide to ensure accurate results:
Tips for Accurate Molar Mass Calculation:
- Use Accurate Atomic Masses: Always refer to the most up-to-date periodic table for atomic masses.
- Account for All Atoms: Ensure that each atom in the molecular formula is included in the calculation.
- Avoid Rounding Errors: Minimize rounding until the final step of the calculation to ensure precision.
By following these guidelines, you can confidently determine the molar mass of any compound, including CHCl3.
Conclusion
Understanding the molar mass of a compound like CHCl3 is fundamental to chemistry. The correct molar mass of 119.37 g/mol was determined through accurate calculation, considering the atomic masses of carbon, hydrogen, and chlorine. This value is essential for anyone involved in chemical research, laboratory work, or industrial applications, as it impacts the precise measurement of reactants and products. Using the correct molar mass ensures reliable experimental results and prevents costly errors. So the next time you encounter the question, “What is the molar mass of CHCl3?”, you can confidently answer 119.37 g/mol.
FAQ’s
Q. What is the molar mass of CHCl3?
A. The molar mass of CHCl3, or chloroform, is 119.37 g/mol.
Q. How do you find the molar mass of CHCl3?
A. To find the molar mass, add the atomic masses of carbon (12.01 g/mol), hydrogen (1.008 g/mol), and three chlorine atoms (3 × 35.45 g/mol).
Q. Why is the molar mass of CHCl3 important?
A. It is crucial for stoichiometric calculations, allowing chemists to determine the right amounts of substances in chemical reactions.
Q. What is chloroform used for?
A. Chloroform is used as a solvent, in the production of refrigerants, and as a laboratory reagent.
Q. Can the molar mass of CHCl3 vary?
A. The molar mass is a constant value at 119.37 g/mol, but slight variations might occur due to isotopic differences.
